基于改进TAE算法的城市热岛信息提取技术   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨波  刘宇鹏  马苏  曾发明 《地理研究》2011,30(5):871-878

在使用遥感数据提取煤火热异常信息的TAE算法的基础上,根据城市热岛特点对算法进行了改进,提出了针对城市热岛研究的Urban-TAE算法,即U-TAE算法.该算法使用不同范围的滑动窗口来探测整幅图像,根据稳健估计的方法设定地表温度高于全部像元以及窗口内像元温度统计均值+标准差的像元为热异常像元,并将滑动窗口的范围设置在5...  相似文献   

Characteristics of urban heat island effect in Lhasa City     

Zhuo G  YunDan NiM  Jian Jun  PuBu CiRen 《寒旱区科学》2011,3(1):0070-0077

This paper analyzes the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect in Lhasa City of Tibet using meteorological observations, the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Land Surface Temperature (LST) data obtained from Earth Observing System/Moderate resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (EOS/MODIS) information, and correlation and composite analyses. The results show: (1) Areas with high temperature are primarily located in the center of the city or nearby counties, while low temperature areas are in the suburbs of counties. The area with high temperature has expanded in recent years and some high-temperature centers have even migrated to certain other regions. (2) The UHI intensity tends to be stronger both in annual and seasonal variations, especially in winter. Also, LST is somewhat positively related to mean air temperature. (3) A negative correlation exists between the changes of LST and NDVI with the increase of vegetation from urban to rural areas in different seasons. (4) The UHI intensity is negatively correlated with precipitation while positively correlated with wind speed, and the relation between the UHI intensity and evaporation varies with the seasons, namely, the intensity is positively correlated with summer evaporation but negatively correlated with winter evaporation. (5) UHI intensity might be enhanced by intensified urbanization, wherein built-up areas expand, there is increased heat from human activity, and there is more artificial heat input to the atmosphere.  相似文献   

城市热岛效应的卫星遥感分析     

王桂玲  蒋维楣  魏鸣 《海洋通报(英文版)》2008,10(2)

利用MODIS资料研究了2004年4月南京城市热岛特征及其影响因子，结合地表覆盖类型分析了植被归一化指数（Normalized Difference Vegetation Index，NDVI）、地表温度（Ts）、地表反照率（α）的城乡差异及其相互关系，探讨了城市热岛（Urban Heat Island，UHI）效应形成的机制。结果表明：南京城区存在着明显的城市热岛效应；城市平均Ts比乡村高约10．83％；城市NDVI和α分别比乡村低约为62％和18.75％；NDVI与Ts呈负相关，相关系数为-0．73，而NDVI与α之间关系与波段有关；城乡植被覆盖差异是造成UHI的主要原因，其次是地表反照率，通过提高植被覆盖率和地表反照率可以减小城市热岛效应。  相似文献   

一种适用于长弧段的初轨计算方法   总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0  

陆本魁  马静远  夏益  张晹 《天文学报》2003,44(4):369-374

根据单位矢量法测轨原理，在人造卫星初轨计算的单位矢量法基础上，给出了一种适用于长弧段的初轨计算方法．该方法既适用于长弧段，也适用于短弧段；适用于各种不同类型的观测资料和任意偏心率、任意轨道倾角的人造地球卫星；有利于提高初轨测定精度；并改善整个计算收敛性．特别需要指出的是，该方法与有摄初轨计算的单位矢量法相结合，为单位矢量法从初轨计算推广到轨道改进打下了坚实的基础．  相似文献   

3D MODEL STUDY ON FOG OVER COMPLEX TERRAIN—PART Ⅰ:NUMERICAL STUDY     

石春娥  孙学金  杨军  李子华 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1996,(4)

A three-dimensional fog model,suitable for precipitous and complex terrain,is designed contain-ing four prognostic variables—wind speed,potential temperature,specific humidity and mixing ratioof liquid water.The model considers turbulent exchange,the long-wave radiation on the ground sur-face and in the air.the short-wave solar radiation,the evaporation and condensation of moisture andthe surface heat budget and so on.In order to make the model run steadily on precipitous and complexterrain,we have improved the method of calculating horizontal pressure gradient force in the terraincoordinate system.The results coincide on the whole with the actual situation.  相似文献   

成都城市发展对气候影响的初步探讨     

石凤云  肖天贵 《成都信息工程学院学报》1990,(Z1)

本文通过成都城市发展前后气候要素变化的对比分析,探索了城市化对成都市气候影响的基本规律,并用统计方法得出了城市“热岛”强度(△T,△Tmin)与城市人口总户数及建成区面积密切相关的客观事实,为改善和治理成都城市气候提供了一定的依据。  相似文献   

ε_（Nd）－La／Nb、Ba／Nb、Nb／Th图对地幔不均一性研究的意义──岛弧火山岩分类及EMII端元的分解     

李曙光 《地球化学》1994,(2)

本文提出一组εＮｄ－Ｌａ／Ｎｂ、εＮｄ－Ｂａ／Ｎｂ和εＮｄ－Ｎｂ／Ｔｈ图。在这些图中岛弧火山岩呈三角形分布，从而将其源区的三个主要端元（ＭＯＲＢ型亏损地幔、俯冲洋壳析出流体、陆源沉积物）同时显示在一张图上。据此，岛弧火山岩可根据其源区特征划分成两类：二端元型（无陆源沉积物）和三端元型。此外，ＥＭＩＩ型幔源岩石在这些图中也被分成两类：与岛弧火山岩类似的，具有高Ｌａ／Ｎｂ、Ｂａ／Ｎｂ和低Ｎｂ／Ｔｈ的大陆溢流玄武岩和某些橄榄岩包体；具有低Ｌａ／Ｎｂ、Ｂａ／Ｎｂ和高Ｎｂ／Ｔｈ的萨莫德型海岛玄武岩。它们对应的ＥＭＩＩ富集地幔端元也可分为两种：ＥＭＩＩＭ，由俯冲洋壳析出流体交代楔型地幔而成；ＥＭＩＩＳＲ，与陆源沉积物再循环进入对流上地幔有关。  相似文献   

崇明岛的变迁   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

褚绍唐 《地理研究》1987,6(3):9-16

本文讨论了崇明岛何时设镇、崇明县址的迁移及崇明岛的变迁等三个问题,澄清了历代县志记载混乱而产生的一些问题。  相似文献   

Petrology and Mineral Chemistry of Lower Crustal Intrusions: the Chilas Complex, Kohistan (NW Pakistan)   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Jagoutz  Oliver; Muntener  Othmar; Ulmer  Peter; Pettke  Thomas; Burg  Jean-Pierre; Dawood  Hamid; Hussain  Shahid 《Journal of Petrology》2007,48(10):1895-1953

Mineral major and trace element data are presented for the mainrock units of the Chilas Complex, a series of lower crustalintrusions emplaced during initial rifting within the MesozoicKohistan (paleo)-island arc (NW Pakistan). Detailed field observationsand petrological analysis, together with geochemical data, indicatethat the two principal units, ultramafic rocks and gabbronoritesequences, originate from a common parental magma, but evolvedalong different mineral fractionation trends. Phase petrologyand mineral trace element data indicate that the fractionationsequence of the ultramafic rocks is dominated by the crystallizationof olivine and clinopyroxene prior to plagioclase, whereas plagioclaseprecedes clinopyroxene in the gabbronorites. Clinopyroxene inthe ultramafic rocks (with Mg-number [Mg/(Fe_tot + Mg] up to0·95) displays increasing Al₂O₃ with decreasing Mg-number.The light rare earth element depleted trace element pattern(Ce_N/Gd_N 0·5–0·3) of primitive clinopyroxenesdisplays no Eu anomaly. In contrast, clinopyroxenes from thegabbronorites contain plagioclase inclusions, and the traceelement pattern shows pronounced negative anomalies for Sr,Pb and Eu. Trace element modeling indicates that in situ crystallizationmay account for major and trace element variations in the gabbronoritesequence, whereas the olivine-dominated ultramafic rocks showcovariations between olivine Mg-number and Ni and Mn contents,pointing to the importance of crystal fractionation during theirformation. A modeled parental liquid for the Chilas Complexis explained in terms of mantle- and slab-derived components,where the latter component accounts for 99% of the highly incompatibleelements and between 30 and 80% of the middle rare earth elements.The geochemical characteristics of this component are similarto those of a low percentage melt or supercritical liquid derivedfrom subducted mafic crust. However, elevated Pb/Ce ratios arebest explained by additional involvement of hydrous fluids.In accordance with the crystallization sequence, the subsolidusmetamorphic reactions indicate pressures of 0·5–0·7GPa. Our data support a model of combined flux and decompressionmelting in the back-arc. KEY WORDS: Kohistan; Island arc; gabbro; trace element modelling; lower crustal intrusion  相似文献   

应用于二维倾斜仪中的圆弧柱面差动电容理论分析     

胡远旺  邹彤  马武刚 《大地测量与地球动力学》2022,42(5):545-550

介绍了基于圆柱摆体和圆弧柱面极板的二维倾斜仪模型,并对其圆弧柱面差动电容电路进行理论分析。结果表明,提高倾斜仪的观测灵敏度需适度增加圆柱摆体半径与高度及吊丝长度,减小圆弧柱面极板圆心角,缩小动极板与定极板间隙距离;减少倾斜仪的输出非线性需适度增加圆柱摆体半径和动极板与定极板间隙距离,减小圆弧柱面极板圆心角、圆柱摆体高度及吊丝长度。依据该原则,选取一组典型参数,计算得到倾斜仪理论灵敏度为0.028 5 V/(″),非线性度为0.001 2%。  相似文献